Chromsomes

I would say I know quite a bit about chromosomes but if you asked me to explain everything I know to you, I wouldn't know what to say. I would have a mind-blank. However, I know that I have asked a few family member and few friends to join me on this journey and follow us, as I slowly but surely update a little bit about our lives when ever I get the chance. So here I go... Im going to try and explain chromosomes in the most basic and simple form as I can before I explain Mango's chromosome anomaly (abnormality).

In every human body we have cells. Cells, are what make up our body. If we were to take one cell from our body and place it under a microscope, zoom in really close we would see that so much is happening in just ONE tiny cell. In each cell we have chromosomes. In each chromosomes we have genes. These genes tell our body what to do and how to do things. (So when our child either has a duplication or a deletion in the chromosome, the doctor's tell us how much of it is missing and added. When they tell us this - they are actually telling us which part of the gene in the chromosome that is missing). 

Every person has 23 pairs of chromosomes. One copy of each chromosome from the mother and one from the father.
Mother - In a mother's 'egg' she has one copy of chromosome 1 to chromosome 22, and the 23rd chromosome being the sex chromosome, which would be an 'x' chromosome. 
Father - In a father's 'sperm' there is also only one copy of chromosome 1 to chromosome 22, and the 23rd chromosome being the sex chromosome. The sex chromosome from the father can either be an 'x'(female) or 'y'(male) chromosome. In saying this, the sex of the baby is determined from the father.

This is what two pairs of chromosomes look like (in a cartoon kinda way): 

Example

Asking yourself what your looking at? I asked myself the same thing... 

Every copy of a chromosome has one short arm (p arm), a centromere and  one long arm (q arm). This means every pair of chromosomes have two short arms (p arm) and two long arms(q arm).

So, you see the dark shade of purple labeled 'P'? This is what scientist and everyone else call's the 'P arm' OR 'the short arm'. The lighter shade of purpler labeled 'q'  is either called the 'q arm' OR 'the long arm'. The yellow circle in the middle is called a 'centromere' which acts like the body part of the chromosomes holding the two arms (p arm and q arm) together. The centromere is the centre part of the chromosome but this doesn't mean it is always the centre of the chromosome when speaking about the length of it. Then there is an outline, outlining the entire chromosome which is called a 'telomere' and this keeps the entire chromosome together. 

The genes inside the chromosome are identified by using a special type of dye that defines their differences. Each part of the chromosome will be affected differently when the dye comes into contact with them. By this happening it identifies certain 'G-bands' within the chromosome which are labeled by numbers. The smallest number starting from the centromere to the largest number ending at the end of the arm furthest from the centromere. 

Something like this:

Chromo 18.org

I'm pretty sure I haven't covered all of the facts about chromosomes but I think it's most of the things that you need to know about Mango's chromosome anomaly.

Fact: In saying all that I have said. I would like to add one last thing to this short post. I found particularly interesting even though it meant nothing. Each chromosome is a certain size. The largest of the chromosome being chromosome no.1 to the smallest chromosome being chromosome no.22. 

Thanks,
xx


NOTE: The information on this blog is just something I have learnt in my time as a mother of a child with a genetic disorder. I am not a qualified doctor or therapist, etc and do not claim that I have the knowledge to be. The information is merely for my family members, close friends and other parents with similar issues looking for other families and their experiences.